•20 new chapters added and existing chapters have been revised and updated.•Discusses management of acute and chronic respiratory diseases in children.•Includes evidence-based diagnostic and treatment algorithms.•Provides a strong foundation of pathophysiology of respiratory diseases in children.•Divided into 8 sections, such as respiratory tract infections, asthma, non-infectious diseases, congenital malformations, pleural diseases, neoplasms, intensive care in pulmonology and therapeutics.•Various sections include chapters to address all kinds of pulmonary diseases, including acute and chronic lung diseases, congenital pulmonary abnormalities, asthma, cystic fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, etc.•More tables, figures and line diagrams have been included.•Every chapter starts with Key Points that provide a summary for quick reference.•Contributions by experts in the field.•References for further reading are provided at the end of each chapter.